Contents [HideShow] 1 Graphviz简介 1.1 Graphviz的布局程序 1.2 Debian下的Graphviz安装 2 The Dot Language 2.1 Syntax 2.1.1 Conventions 2.1.2 Production Rules 2.1.2.1 有些终结符类需要说明： 2.1.3 Some Notes 2.2 Examples 2.2.1 Example-1: Flow Chart 2.2.2 Example-2: Data Structure 3 Graphviz命令 4 Emacs Dot－mode

Graphviz简介

开源项目Graphviz是一种基于文本格式的作图工具，用于展示结构化数据。

项目主页：http://www.graphviz.org/

Graphviz包含了若干布局程序，并且包含了外围的Web接口和图形化的交互接口， 辅助工具，库以及特定语言的绑定。

Graphviz的布局程序

Debian下的Graphviz安装

sudo apt-get install graphviz graphviz-doc graphviz-dev

可以根据需要安装：

• graphviz: graphviz命令行工具、文档、dot文件格式说明
• graphviz-doc: graphviz开发的api文档
• graphviz－doc： graphviz的头文件和运行库

The Dot Language

Syntax

Conventions

The following is an abstract grammar defining the DOT language, we use the following conventions:

• Terminals are shown in bold font, and nonterminals in italics, and definition of nonterminals in bold italics.
• Literal characters (also terminals) are given in single quotes.
• Parentheses ( and ) indicate grouping when needed.
• Square brackets [ and ] enclose optional items.
• Vertical bars | separate alternatives.

Production Rules

graph -> [ strict ] ( graph | digraph ) [ ID ] '{' stmt_list '}'

stmt_list -> [ stmt [ ';' ] [ stmt_list ] ]

stmt -> node_stmt
      | edge_stmt
      | attr_stmt
      | ID '=' ID
      | subgraph

attr_stmt -> (graph | node | edge) attr_list

attr_list -> '[' [ a_list ] ']' [ attr_list ]

a_list -> ID [ '=' ID ] [ ',' ] [ a_list ]

edge_stmt -> (node_id | subgraph) edgeRHS [ attr_list ]

edgeRHS -> edgeop (node_id | subgraph) [ edgeRHS ]

node_stmt -> node_id [ attr_list ]

node_id -> ID [ port ]

port -> ':' ID [ ':' compass_pt ]
      | ':' compass_pt

subgraph -> [ subgraph [ ID ] ] ' { ' stmt_list ' } '

compass_pt -> (n | ne | e | se | s | sw | w | nw | c | _ )

edgeop -> —

        | ->

有些终结符类需要说明：

• 注释:

• ID: Graphviz
• edgeop

ID -> Any string of alphabetic ([a-zA-Z\200-\377]) characters, underscores ('_') or digits ([0-9]), not beginning with a digit

| [-]?(.[0-9]+

[0-9]+(.[0-9]*)? );

| '**"**' *string* '**"**'

***comments*** -> // ...

| /*...*/ | ^# ...

Some Notes

some notes

Examples

Example-1: Flow Chart

这里是Dot写的流程图：

digraph G {
	subgraph cluster_0 {
		style=filled;
		color=lightgrey;
		node [style=filled,color=white];
		a0 -> a1 -> a2 -> a3;
		label = "process #1";
	}

	subgraph cluster_1 {
		node [style=filled];
		b0 -> b1 -> b2 -> b3;
		label = "process #2";
		color=blue
	}
	start -> a0;
	start -> b0;
	a1 -> b3;
	b2 -> a3;
	a3 -> a0;
	a3 -> end;
	b3 -> end;

	start [shape=Mdiamond];
	end [shape=Msquare];
}

用dot布局所生成的结果：

Flow Chart

Example-2: Data Structure

这里是数据结构中的一棵树的图形表示,注意其中 node port的定义

digraph g {
	node [shape = record,height=.1];
	node0[label = "<f0> |<f1> G|<f2> "];
	node1[label = "<f0> |<f1> E|<f2> "];
	node2[label = "<f0> |<f1> B|<f2> "];
	node3[label = "<f0> |<f1> F|<f2> "];
	node4[label = "<f0> |<f1> R|<f2> "];
	node5[label = "<f0> |<f1> H|<f2> "];
	node6[label = "<f0> |<f1> Y|<f2> "];
	node7[label = "<f0> |<f1> A|<f2> "];
	node8[label = "<f0> |<f1> C|<f2> "];
	"node0":f2 -> "node4":f1;
	"node0":f0 -> "node1":f1;
	"node1":f0 -> "node2":f1;
	"node1":f2 -> "node3":f1;
	"node2":f2 -> "node8":f1;
	"node2":f0 -> "node7":f1;
	"node4":f2 -> "node6":f1;
	"node4":f0 -> "node5":f1;
}

显示如下：

Data Structure Tree

Graphviz命令

Emacs Dot－mode

mscgen:(sequence chart) http://www.mcternan.me.uk/mscgen/

artist mode

docview mode

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